"Public television is the government speaking," Deputy Attorney
General Kevin Satterlee said.
"The legal authority of the Legislature to
do that clearly exists." But
not everyone agrees. "If state legislatures across the country could program
their public television stations, they would probably be doing it, and
doing it in droves," said Robert D. Richards, a law professor at Pennsylvania
State University and a First Amendment expert.
"This is really the first such case I've heard of, of the Legislature trying to step in and really dictate what can be on the air and what cannot be on the air," Richards said. The Idaho Legislature's budget-setting Joint Finance-Appropriations Committee tied strings to the public television budget this year. They ban the showing of any program that encourages violation of state criminal laws and require the Board of Education to monitor programming that might be controversial. Education Board members were ordered by the Legislature earlier this year to step up their oversight of Idaho Public Television after a program about children and homosexuality aired last fall, angering many Idahoans who thought it promoted a gay lifestyle. Sodomy is a crime in Idaho.
Failure to comply with the Legislature's directive would technically make the Board of Education guilty of misappropriation of public funds, Satterlee said. Although only 28 percent of IPTV's $5.6 million budget comes from the state, the restrictions apply to the network's spending as a whole because the Legislature has to approve all spending by state agencies. Most of the network's money comes from private donors. About a sixth comes from the federal government. A coalition of media groups warned lawmakers in a letter last spring that limiting programming would violate the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, a contention Satterlee dismisses. Attorney Debora Kristensen, who co-authored the media letter, remains convinced the law raises legal problems.
"So far, I haven't seen any cases where the government itself has
been able to come in and dictate
the type of programming that public
broadcast stations can run,"
she said. "It would just defeat the purpose
of public broadcasting in the
United States." Satterlee acknowledged that free-speech guarantees
come into play when the government provides public forums, like permits
for parades. "But when the government itself is speaking, those rules don't
apply," he said. If they did, he said, the government could not post
a billboard advocating seat-belt use or publish a public health brochure
without giving equal time to dissenters. Richards said, however,
that all the case law on that issue involves members of the audience seeking
access to the airwaves, not legislatures governing programming. "What
the proponents of the Idaho legislation are trying to do is control the
broadcast of controversial political issues," he said, "which would be
unprecedented abuse of legislative power."
HERE IS A LIST OF JOINT FINANCE MEMBERS;
The Governor's address is:
Joint Finance Committee's address:
Dirk Kempthorne
Name
700 W. Jefferson St.
Idaho State Legislature
P.O. Box 83720
State Capitol Building
Boise, Id. 83720
P.O. Box 83720
334-2100
Boise, Idaho 83720-0038 (House)
governor@gov.state.id.us
83720-0081 (Senate)
TO E-MAIL: Use
the first letter of the first name, the last name@senate.state.id.us
inforcntr messages can only be sent three
people at a time
SENATE
To e-mail: Atwell
Parry use infocntr@lso.state.id.us
Atwell Parry, Chair
Dean Cameron, Vice Chair dcameron@senate.state.id.us
Mel Richardson
chair@micron.net
Stan Hawkins
infocntr@lso.state.id.us
Cecil Ingram
Hal Bunderson
hbunderson@aol.com
Clyde Boatright
senboat@gte.net
Robert Lee
infocntr@lso.state.id.us
John Andreason
Marguerite McLaughlin
TO E-MAIL: Use
the first letter of the first name, the last name@house.state.id.us
HOUSE
To e-mail:
rgeddes@house.state.id.us
Robert C. Geddes, Chair
Maxine Bell, Vice Chair
Hod Pomeroy
JoAn Wood
jawood@house.state.id.us
Francis Field
Don Pischner
Randy Hansen
Jim Clark
Ken Robison
Bert Marley
bcmarley@crsinternet.com